As far as I can tell, "total recall" is a fictional phenomenon from a screen play written by Ronald Shusett and Dan O'Bannon. It does not exist in real life. Photographic memory may exist, but it is not well understood scientifically. It may be a myth. From what I can determine, there is no good experimental evidence that clearly explains it. The problem is that people use memory tricks to remember images or words on a page. They are not really "photographing" anything. Some young children have "eidetic memory" which allows them to recall scenes in great detail for short periods of time. This talent fades with age.

Check out this student essay by Anna Arnaudo. or the Straight Dope take on it. Also the Mad Scientists network explanation about photographic memory.